Race is a social construct.
I think the problem with it begins when people take that to imply there isn't human genetic variation, as in tangible molecular genetic differences between populations and that they - including subgroups to a large extent - can be discerned when the analysis is based on the correlated structure of multiple genetic loci. Discussing even that requires walking on egg shells in today's sociopolitical climate.
Of course, the truth is far less sinister. The variation is largely geographically structured and the clustering (including mixed membership) of individuals is correlated with geographic origin and/or ancestry. It's just simply the result of evolutionary processes and the adaptation to different climatic environments which took place from being
comparatively isolated for tens of thousands of years.
"Roberts" (an anthropologist I presume?) should know the geographic distribution and associated distinctions made by molecular geneticists aren't preconceived or artificially constructed so much as they are self-revealing when a sufficient number of markers are used. It is populations that evolve after all, not individuals.
Yes, but that's genetics, but it's not really race. Race is how members of society group other people usually based on skin color, but sometimes based on culture.
It's downright archaic.
And that as the core basis falls apart immediately considering how genetically distinct Sub-Saharan Africans are from Melanesians. At the same time, a lot of people take Europeans and 'white people' to be synonymous and interchangeable but we share DNA in far more ways than the particular gene variants that control for mere skin tone; Europeans used to be brown 8,000+ years ago. You could take or leave skin color, but without such macroscopic optics the majority of this 'racial' baggage would be rendered meaningless in a sociocultural context.
Most of the time a person's race is a combination of what they self-identify with based on their culture, and how other members of society view them. They aren't required to go and take a 23andme before they're allowed to check a box on a form.
On another note, I mentioned in the Elizabeth Warren thread how underrated 23&Me actually is these days. A genome-wide analysis that calls over 550,000 SNP's is nothing to sneeze at and is actually far more than often analyzed in actual peer-reviewed academic studies in genetics and genomics.
The algorithms are starting to get a lot sharper as microarray and SVM technology improves by orders of magnitude at break-neck pace. The reference population data sets are also increasingly drawn from collaborative international research projects such as 1000 Genomes, HGDP and HapMap. They just upgraded to Illumina Inc's GSA (global screening array) late last year which has broad utilization in areas of population genetics and precision medicine research.
You don't do shoddy work and still publish regularly in Nature Genetics.
https://www.23andme.com/publications/for-scientists/
Your sources range from Scientific American to PBS, National Geographic, etc. They're two clicks of a mouse away.
https://www.google.com/search?ei=EH...iz.......0i71j0i67j0i131j0i131i67.pCf-ckRDW3Q
Here, since you want to have an opinion and make assertions without having any idea of what you're talking about, I will cite you National Geographic as a source and even quote part of the article:
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/...s-science-africa/?user.testname=lazyloading:1
Of course, just because race is “made up” doesn’t make it any less powerful. To a disturbing extent, race still determines people’s perceptions, their opportunities, and their experiences. It is enshrined in the U.S. census, which last time it was taken, in 2010, asked Americans to choose their race from a list that reflects the history of the concept; choices included “White,” “Black,” “American Indian,” “Asian Indian,” “Chinese,” “Japanese,” and “Samoan.” Racial distinctions were written into the Jim Crow laws of the post-Reconstruction South and are now written into statutes like the Civil Rights Act, which prohibits discrimination on the basis of race or color. To the victims of racism, it’s small consolation to say that the category has no scientific basis.
As a bonus, here's a PBS article that is extremely short and concise since you can't be arsed to read anything before having an opinion:
https://www.pbs.org/race/001_WhatIsRace/001_00-home.htm
Lest you get confused, just click the numbers for the next slide (1, 2, 3, etc).
Any other uninformed commentary or have you embarrassed yourself enough?
It's kind of weird that NatGeo was quoting David Reich in that article considering how upset a lot of people were with him over a
New York Times Op-Ed he wrote earlier this year that violated unwritten rules in population genetics but it's difficult to undermine the credibility of a scientist whose Harvard laboratory has published damn near half of the world’s genome-wide human ancient DNA, much less to suggest a Jewish man is attempting to enable white nationalism but that does make
@Greoric a curious case.
In reality, he's trying to do the opposite.
https://genetics.hms.harvard.edu/person/faculty/david-reich
There are some other interesting things in the NatGeo piece. The rs1426654 (A;A) variant of SLC24A5 is indeed very useful as an ancestry informative marker because of the allele frequency - damn near 100% - in European (including descendants, same thing) populations but it isn't the only one, as rs16891982 (G;G) of SLC45A2 and rs7495174 (A;A) of OCA2 are quite prominent as well. What it also doesn't mention from the paper being referenced is that mutations to the MFSD12 gene in East Africans not present in Europeans are inferred to have canceled out the effect of the aformentioned. A very good piece on the whole though, better than most pop science.
Eds: late nite errorz