There is no gotcha question. It’s plain and simple. Rewards, gifts, call it what you want, based on skin pigmentation is racism in its raw, naked form. How can you argue against this?
To make sure I understand your point. Are you claiming that schools are systematically racist (affirmative action) to combat other forms of systemic racism (negative action lol?) in an attempt to balance at 0?
if this is the case, what are the other forms of systemic racism? Maybe i can go a step further and ask how do you evaluate what the net amount of systemic racism is? How do you know you’re not overestimating or underestimating?
Sorry, I’d have replied sooner but it’s been a busy day.
If you want to be semantically cute, then yes, affirmative action in college admissions is both technically racist and technically systemic, but it is not the archetypal example of systemic racism. You are using a noncentral fallacy for your initial description; technically correct but rhetorically misleading and dishonest. It’s like saying there shouldn’t be a holiday honoring MLK because he was a criminal and criminals should not be celebrated.
To the second point about racism combating racism, yes that is essentially what I’m saying. If you have a system that produces a biased outcome, one way to correct it is to force a bias in the opposite direction. Like pressing the gas to overcome the force of friction slowing down a moving car.
Coincidentally, education is a great place to start understanding the effects of systemic racism.
Let’s start with college admissions. The college (probably) does not have an explicit goal to limit the number of black students enrolled in the school, but the combined effects of systemic racism can have that outcome. It’s cause and effect.
If there are less black students enrolled in the college, it’s likely because there are less qualified black students applying. If there are less qualified black students applying, it is likely because their high schools are inadequate. The inadequacy is at least partially due to underfunding, the underfunding is due to how public schools are funded by property taxes, and the district the school is in has lower property values.
Go back a bit and maybe that district was a formerly Redlined area, so the people that lived there couldn’t get loans from banks to buy property or start businesses, which means the families that lived there did not have the same opportunities to gain and pass down wealth as people that lived outside of the Redline area.
And since the main ways that wealth are created in this country is through inheritance and real estate, that means that these areas became concentrated with poverty. And because the areas are high poverty, they also have high crime, which lowers the property values, which lower the tax base, which affect the schools, etc., etc., etc.
Now at no point was any policy made with the explicit purpose of excluding people with dark skin from higher education institutions, but the combined results have the same effect, intentionally or not.
To the last point, about how to quantify the net impact of system racism, that’s a really difficult question. How do you quantify the opportunity lost to black soldiers returning from WW2 that explicitly excluded from the GI bill, for instance? How many white soldiers used the bill to go to college or get low interest loans on homes, which helped them create wealth for their families? Or even more interesting to consider, how does that compare to the Japanese American soldiers that also benefit from the bill? What does some of the wealth gaps between black, white, and Japanese families today?
Or think about this for a moment: what would be the today value of the labor produced by enslaved people? Excluding settlement costs for murder, abuse and rape, if freed slaves were compensated for their labor, what would that be worth to their ancestors today after 200+ years of interest is factored? We’re talking 10’s of Trillions of dollars, conservatively, that black families were cheated from.
Instead of trying to quantify the effect, maybe the question could be simpler; if the current system creates inequality, does affirmative action reduce it?