Theory Early MMA: Choki Motobu

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I was digging through some old articles and I found this article from a 1924 issue of Kingu (King) Magazine. Choki Motobu was around 55 when he bested the western boxer who was much younger and stronger. Motobu was well versed in several forms of martial arts including Okinawan Sumo (sort of like wrestling) and a little of his family martial art.

I got a kick out of it and thought some of you might enjoy it.

Image:Motobu_Choki.jpg


In 1921 in Kyoto a series of contests was held between boxers and judoka. These gave rise to much discussion and drew many enthusiastic spectators. The fights were often extremely violent and surprised even those onlookers who regularly attended the annual [judo and kendo] contests at the Butokuden.
During the action someone with the appearance of an old countryman went over to the organisers and asked if a late entry to the fighting would be allowed. The following conversation occurred.

"Mmm. Who is it you wish to enter?"

"Myself."

"What? You? Are you a judoka, then, or a boxer?"

"No."

"Well, what have you trained in then?"

"Nothing special. But I think I could manage this type of contest. So, will you let me enter?"

"Yes, let him enter!" cried the onlookers who had been following all this with interest. "Everybody would want to see a surprise entrant."

"But he says that he doesn't do judo or boxing. I wonder if he does some form of provincial wrestling."

"It doesn't matter. Since he wants to enter he must have learned something. If not, he's an idiot. Let him enter!"

"Well, okay," said the promoter. "Do you know the rules?"

"Rules?" replied Motobu. "What rules?"

"It's forbidden [for anyone but the boxer] to strike with the fists and feet." [The boxer meanwhile could not grab or throw.]

"Mmm. What about an attack with the open hand?"

"That's alright."

"Fine, let's get on with it."

"Wait a minute. What uniform are you going to wear?"

"I'll just wear my ordinary clothes."

"Those you're wearing now? You can't do that. I'll lend you a judogi."

The promoter brought a judogi, and looked at the man, still trying to make him out. As he stripped a murmur of surprise arose from the onlookers. Although his face was that of a man well over fifty, the muscular development of his arms and shoulders was impressive and his hips and thighs looked extremely powerful.

Motobu was asked who he wanted to fight, a boxer or judoka. He replied, "Whomever you like," and the organisers decided to send him in against a boxer named George. [No surname or nationality is given in the article. The name may be invented.]

As the contestants entered the arena a cry rose from the crowd. "Look! A surprise entry!" "Who is this Motobu? I've never heard of him." "He looks like an old man. What's someone like him entering a contest like this for?"

The contrast between the two men was striking. Here was a boxer seemingly brimming with vitality against a man of fifty who stood only 5 feet 3 or 4 inches. As they began, George took up a boxing guard and moved about looking for an opening. Motobu lowered his hips, raising his left hand high with his right hand close to his right cheek. The spectators thought this looked like some kind of sword dance (karate was more or less unknown in Japan at this time) but actually it was the opening position of the Pinan Yodan kata.

George, the expert boxer, seemed surprised by the ability of the opponent whose guard presented no weak spot. He contented himself with searching for an opening, continually moving his fists around and feinting. Motobu kept his position.

George's breathing grew less steady and, realising that he might tire himself out if things continued like this, he edged forward and sent out a fusillade of blows to the face. Everyone expected to see the end of Motobu but without moving his position he parried the blows with his open hands and forced his opponent back.

Growing more and more frustrated as the fight went on, George steeled himself for an all out attack. He drew back his right hand and threw a punch with all his strength at Choki Motobu's head.

Just at the moment when it seemed as if Motobu's face would be crushed he warded off the punch with his left hand. The force of the parry unbalanced the boxer, forcing his hips to rise, and at that instant Motobu struck him in the face with the palm of his hand. George, struck on the vital point just below the nose with the rising palm strike fell to the ground like a block of wood.

Everyone was shouting! What had happened?

The organisers went to look for someone to help George, who was still unconscious. "What a formidable character!"

Various people who went to talk to Motobu were astonished by his hands, callused and almost as hard as stone. Even a blow with the open hand would be terrible, they thought.

"Ryukyu karate," said one. "Hmm. I didn't know such an art even existed. In fact, you have such trained hands that you don't need to be armed. The hands themselves are terrible weapons."

Spectators and contestants continued to talk for hours about the events which had taken place.
 
I've read a similar account of Motobu. Also, it's been published that he, um...had a taste for the night life. Kind of a rough character.
 
For sure. He regularly went to the red light district to pick fights. I understand that later in his life he became a very gentle guy.

The funny thing about this story was that in the original article they posted pictures of Funakoshi beating the boxer. This made Motobu insane because of how much he hated Funakoshi. He regarded Funakoshi as a "paper tiger" not a real fighter. Part of the animosity was caused because Funakoshi told everyone that Motobu was illiterate. That he had no knowledge of kata and that he had been dismissed by his Senseis.
 
Motobu also only practiced one kata. That's probably why it was said he had no knowledge of them.
 
He knew several others such as Passai (he references them in his book). But you're right he really is only known for one.

I met a guy down in your neck the woods about 5 years ago that had 13 years of experience (Shorin-ryu) and only knew one kata - Seisan. He knew three versions that were moderately different. He did an AMAZING seisan and and the guy had deep, deep knowledge of it. Some really crazy bunkai. He was a very good fighter too.
 
You have to be lost in the karate soy sauce to buy any of this
 
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Reminds me of some stories of Sokaku Takeda.

I always think these stories are about 50% true. Old guy joins tournament and smashes a boxer in the face after a bunch of uncommitted strikes is plausible.

When I tell stories about my instructors I only embellish them 5-10% leaving room for the next generation to improve it.

I'd like to read the stories about Mas Oyama in the year 2100.
 
MMA was started by Frank Dux

FFE3xZPWUAMto44


FFE3y7LXoAQS2F8
 
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Reminds me of some stories of Sokaku Takeda.

I always think these stories are about 50% true. Old guy joins tournament and smashes a boxer in the face after a bunch of uncommitted strikes is plausible.

When I tell stories about my instructors I only embellish them 5-10% leaving room for the next generation to improve it.

I'd like to read the stories about Mas Oyama in the year 2100.
Perfecty plausible. Have you seen boxers in the 1920s?
 
Karate was the original MMA - it blended Okinawan Tegumi (wrestling), several Kung Fu styles (White Crane, Shaolin, Incense Shop, Hung Gar) and elements of South Asian striking, later adding a variety of kicks (some speculate it was a Savate influence).

There were multiple schools and "flavors" of the original Karate too: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_karate_styles

In the 20th century more Karate styles arose which blended that base with other arts:
Wado-ryu = Karate + Jujutsu
Kyokushin = Karate + Muay Thai
Ashihara = Karate + Muay Thai
Shidokan = Karate + kickboxing + submission grappling
Daido Juku (aka Kudo) = Karate + Judo + boxing + much more
 
Reminds me of some stories of Sokaku Takeda.

I always think these stories are about 50% true. Old guy joins tournament and smashes a boxer in the face after a bunch of uncommitted strikes is plausible.

When I tell stories about my instructors I only embellish them 5-10% leaving room for the next generation to improve it.

I'd like to read the stories about Mas Oyama in the year 2100.
Boxer stuff was vs Ivan Gene Le Bell. Judo.

Sokaku had used mainly JJJ without restrictions like Judo or sport karate does have. They also had paid very high attention to physical conditioning and power etc.

In general ueshiba before WW2 also was small fitness machinet first, and these arts are based on evasion and conter striking, to use disbalancing etc to get opponent down and continue to process after this is cool option.

Ofc if due to financial reasons it is lucrative to get as clients well paid office specialists and some businessmans not willing to look bad for next day in office.
Therefore better 0 striking etc.....
 
Reminds me of some stories of Sokaku Takeda.

I always think these stories are about 50% true. Old guy joins tournament and smashes a boxer in the face after a bunch of uncommitted strikes is plausible.

When I tell stories about my instructors I only embellish them 5-10% leaving room for the next generation to improve it.

I'd like to read the stories about Mas Oyama in the year 2100.
The best European student of Oyama said it was all made up bullshit 😅 Oyama never fought, he didn't even sparred
 
The best European student of Oyama said it was all made up bullshit 😅 Oyama never fought, he didn't even sparred
So all those stories of kicking wrestlers in the nuts (and winning) were made up?

I am so angry right now.
 
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