Ironic how the quote in your sig differes so much from your responses.
Ironic how the quote in your sig differes so much from your responses.
Christianity was also largely responsible for the development of modern society.
It probably is a better situation than Europe but part of the reason that Muslims are perceived as friendly to Russia is that Russia has a huge Muslim population but a tiny amount of terrorist activityThere's an interesting book btw, 'Chechnya -from Nationalism to Jihad', it's really short and can be read in one day or so, a pretty good read.
In some regions Slavic Russians would often complain about being 'replaced' by Chechens. On the one hand, it doesn't sound too different from far-right rhetoric in Europe or America, which is funny because in different parts of the world different ethnicities consider themselves the white race which is replaced by different other ethnicities (Chechens are obviously very different from North-Africans and actual "Caucasians", most right-wingers here would look at a Chechen and say he's white), on the other hand, it's probably not the best counterargument since they eventually were, in fact, replaced.
Anyway, I still think one could say it's a saner relationship than Europeans have to their Muslims or migrants in many ways. The fact that their Muslims region is governed by a Putin loyalist renders their cultural differences meaningless and establish a quid-pro-quo relationship, pretty much. Kadyrov, for example, radicalizes the Chechen society and in some cases pushes Sharia-law to replace secular Russian laws, yet they're on the side of Putin and promote an idea of radical Islam which is compatible with loyalty to Russia, while they are the opposition to radical-Islamic, anti-Russian separatists. In a way I see some parallels to when Bismarck, a conservative, became the founding father of the European-style welfare state while fighting socialists, basically in order to take some of their platform away from them. In hindsight, conservatives probably shouldn't complain because he established a social security system within a market-based economy but kept socialists out.
Putin can still order Kadyrov to deploy his military/militias, especially when there is 'dirty work' to be done, and they will follow Kadyrov and die for Russia.
I'm almost certain that a small number of Chechen units fought alongside Russian separatists in the Ukraine, for instance. Kadyrov also asked Putin to deploy Chechen military units in Syria. To compare that to Europe, it's pretty much as if Germany, Austria and italy gave refugees a small region in the Alps where they're governed and policed by a Muslim regime which is loyal to Merkel. Many will unironically argue that such a scenario would be preferable over the status quo, from a purely pragmatic perspective.
As far as Asians and Muslims in Russia are concerned, I also pointed out many times that it's absurd to act as if Russia was a white, homogeneous stronghold or something.
It's also a multicultural society, Islam is mentioned in the Russian constitution by the way and Putin says and does things (praising Islam, inauguration of mosques etc) righties would throw a tantrum over if the Canadian cuck did it.
But it depends on what nation you want to compare it to. You can't compare it to the US, where a larger population of immigrants and illegal aliens will inevitably exponentially expand their % of the American population. In Russia the government could send many of them home, at least since Putin replaced birthright citizenship with a jus-sanguinis type of legislation. To some extent that's also true for many European nations though.
Dude that shit about MMA fighters was a hilarious and pointless anecdote.
Lol where are you getting this garbage from? Modernity is antithetical to Christianity. Being modern means separation of church and state, also less socioeconomic privileges of the church, less influence of the church in education, less influence of the church in the development of the social organism, I can go on and on. The development of modern society is the product of the Enlightenment and its thinkers, no matter how flawed they were. Saying that Christianity was responsible for Modernity is pure trash that is not based on historical evidence.
That modernity that you love so much was built on a foundation created by men of faith.
Study some history FFS.
Don't conflate Deism with Christianity, dumbo. Jefferson, Voltaire, Paine, Rousseau, and many more Enlightenment thinkers were not Christians.
America has never been a white christian nation. That's a myth that has been perpetuated for centuries in order to make a sector of the population feel special and others not so special.
Don't conflate Deism with Christianity, dumbo. Jefferson, Voltaire, Paine, Rousseau, and many more Enlightenment thinkers were not Christians.
Russia has the 2nd largest immigrant population in the world.
Russians are leaving Russia in great numbers and immigrants are coming for work.
Putin hates gays and pretends to love Christians because his nation has a low birthrate.
Lol where are you getting this garbage from? Modernity is antithetical to Christianity. Being modern means separation of church and state, also less socioeconomic privileges of the church, less influence of the church in education, less influence of the church in the development of the social organism, I can go on and on. The development of modern society is the product of the Enlightenment and its thinkers, no matter how flawed they were. Saying that Christianity was responsible for Modernity is pure trash that is not based on historical evidence.
Christianity was also largely responsible for the development of modern society.
But you know, slavery and shit...
Hmm, I wonder if Christians had anything to do with ending slavery...
It's responsible for the dark ages, a time when progress ceased for 800 years or so.
It's responsible for the dark ages, a time when progress ceased for 800 years or so.
1. Do you seriously believe that Christians are treated worse under Assad than they would have been under the rule of "moderate" (islamist) moslems or other jihadis like IS?But I just want to point out that as a supporter of Bashar al-Assad, Russia did not intervene to protect Christians and Russia may not bring in refugees (as if you could even pay refugees to live there. If they bypass many of the poorer EU states, they wouldn't choose Russia) but they have an illegal immigrant population on par with America's considering their size.
Just a shit ton of Central Asian Muslims flooding Russia.
You're only furthering my point that men of faith built the world.
I get where you're coming from but it's certainly closer to truth than it is to being false.
And many of them were just as many of the founding fathers were.
At one time this was true.
It is no longer true.
Also there is much more to Christianity than the Vatican and extreme Evangelicals.
You said Christianity made the modern world. I debunked that by demonstrating that 300 years ago, the origins of modernity, was inherently not Christian. Now you're backtracking and talking about "men of faith" lol. C'mon kid you're wrong. Get it together.
That Christianity created modernity? Not really. The late 1700s, 1800s, and even 1900s were times in which men and women could still not publicly and overtly denounce Christianity. They, however, did so privately. The French Revolution, at the very onset of modernity, demonstrated the real modern hatred against Christianity. Many other revolutionary and decolonization processes also demonstrated that.
America is one piece of the global puzzle and they are not solely responsible for Modernity. Europeans, Africans, Latin Americans, Middle Easterners, Asians, were just as influential in the construction of the modern world and they were not "Christian."
I agree, but to say that Christianity is the main impetus of Modernity is nonsense. Scientific thought is the real core of Modernity. The natural sciences and the social sciences are what truly created Modernity - not Christian or religious views of the world, history, politics, culture, society, or economics.
Did Christianity usher in the dark ages? The term ‘dark ages’ has not been defined by the questioner but it commonly refers to the cultural and economic deterioration that occurred in Western Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire. There are normally two aspects to what might be termed the ‘Christianity guilt thesis’; firstly that Christianity was a significant contributing factor to the decline and fall of the Roman Empire and secondly that the new religion was hostile to classical learning and did not foster and preserve enough of it as the empire collapsed.
The first theory has an illustrious pedigree as it was promoted by Edward Gibbon in chapter 39 of his Magnus Opus ‘The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire’. Gibbon speculated that ‘the introduction, or at least the abuse of Christianity, had some influence on the decline and fall of the Roman empire’. His view was that Christianity broke the ideological unity of the Empire and hindered the state’s ability to win support. Financial and human resources were diverted from vital material ends and discontent was fostered, thus undermining imperial legitimacy.
As a broad general theory Gibbon’s view has very little going for it. In the first instance, any explanation which is proffered for the fall of the Roman Empire has to contend with the fact that the eastern half of the Roman Empire remained relatively strong and stable while the western half collapsed. The Eastern half was even more Christian than the Western half and yet, not only did it not collapse, it continued as the Byzantine Empire into the 15th century.
Does Gibbon’s theory work at a lower level to show Christianity was a contributing factor? Here too it suffers from a lack of evidence. While Christianity ushered in something akin to a cultural revolution following the conversion of Constantine it is hard to see that this had a seriously deleterious effect on the empire. Christian religious institutions did require large financial resources; however these were replacing pagan religious institutions with large endowments (which were progressively confiscated). Therefore the rise of Christian organisations appears to have largely involved a religious to religious transfer of assets rather than a diversion from secular coffers.
Similarly the manpower lost to the cloister appears to have been minimal – maybe something in the region of a few thousand individuals – hardly a massive dent to the Empire’s manpower. A handful of the aristocracy gave up their wealth and power for a life of Christian devotion – a figure which is insignificant compared to the numbers that chose to serve in the imperial bureaucracy.
Did Christianity undermine the ideological unity of the Empire? No; in fact religion and the empire acted to foster unity with the Christian God cast as inspiring Roman Imperialism with a mission to conquer, convert and civilise the world. Emperors were seen as hand-picked by God, thus imbibing them with sacred status. Rejection of the Empire was only a fringe position among Christian thinkers.
Did the Christian squabbling over doctrine undermine the Empire? Again there is little evidence for this. Certainly histories of the time are dominated by theological disputes, thereby giving an impression of religious frenzy and discord. This is because the sources for this period are largely Church histories. It would be like relying on the memoirs of Fred Phleps for a history of the early 21st century United States. In fact secular minded historians like Ammianus Marcellinus barely mention doctrinal disputes. Large scale rioting occurred on a few occasions but by and large conflict was confined to the bishops.
To sum up Christianisation appears to have been effectively subsumed into the structures of the Empire and many historians argue that it acted as a stabilising influence. Gibbon’s theory has thereby been turned on its head.
What about the second theory? Did the rise of Christianity cause a malaise in intellectual culture and usher in a scientific dark age.
There was undeniably a decline in scientific knowledge in the Western Roman Empire as it and collapsed but the roots of this are deep and can be traced to the pagan Romans. After 200 BC there was a fruitful cultural contact between Greeks and the bilingual Roman upper classes. This introduced a version of the classical tradition into the Roman Empire but it was a thin popularised version which was translated into Latin. Bilingualism and the conditions which favoured scholarship then declined rapidly after AD180 as the empire entered the 3rd century crisis. The chaos of the 3rd century AD caused disruption to educational infrastructure and the division of the empire into two caused knowledge of Greek to decline in the west . Roman citizens who were gradually becoming Christian were therefore limited to pieces of the classical tradition which had been explained and summarised by Latin authors.
Intellectual culture then declined dramatically in the west due to the collapse of central control in the west under the barbarian onslaught, the decline of literacy and loss of Greek, the reduction of trade, sharp falls in population density and the sheer amount of destruction. Western Empire was overrun by illiterate Germanic and Northern barbarians from the fourth to the eleventh century utterly destroying the Imperial infrastructure. Meanwhile the richer, more complete version of the classical tradition fell into the hands of the Muslims as they rapidly expanded across Asia and the Mediterranean. It was then translated into Arabic, further developed and moved across North Africa to Spain. As soon as Western Europe had recovered sufficiently its intellectuals travelled to Spain to translate the materials and bring them into medieval culture.
But was there an anti-intellectual streak in early Christian culture which made it a haven of anti-scientific sentiment? Here the most commonly quoted example is Tertullian, who famously said 'What has Athens to do with Jerusalem?' in fiery opposition to the classical tradition. Ultimately however, this counter-cultural point of view was a minority position which lost out to those like Justin Martyr who sought common ground between classical philosophy and Christianity, and (more importantly) Augustine of Hippo. Augustine - while being ambivalent toward Greek learning - applied it vigorously to scripture in his writings and came up with the vastly influential 'handmaiden formula' whereby natural philosophy could be put to use in the interpretation of the bible (Of course we now all think that – in principle - science should be studied for its own sake, but this would have been alien to the classical world in which it was always subordinated to ethics and the wider philosophical enterprise). The handmaiden formula was employed throughout the Middle Ages to justify the investigation of nature.
Ultimately the second theory fails because Christianity is the most important framework within which late-antique culture survived. Far from intellectual dullards, Christians appear to have been very interested in Greek philosophy, science and medicine which they preserved through a laborious process of hand-copying. These include the works of Euclid, Ptolemy, Plato, Aristotle, Galen, Simplicius and many more, including a staggering 15,000 pages of Greek commentary on Aristotle dating from the 2nd to 6th centuries AD. The medical works of Galen makes up a full fifth of the entire surviving classical Greek corpus – some two million words all copied out by hand and preserved over the centuries.
Of course some might argue that the Christians should have preserved more works of ancient ‘scientists’- for example the lost works of Neokles of Kroton (who argued that toads has two livers – one poisonous and one healthful – and that the moon was inhabited by the Nemean Lion). To address this I have devised a ‘Dark Ages Boot Camp’ where the critics will be forced to don a monk’s habit and hand-copy Bill Bryson’s ‘A short History of nearly everything’ onto papyrus while extras dressed as barbarians smash up their stuff.
To conclude then, the two Christianity guilt theories suffer from a lack of evidence. They persist purely due to their illustrious pedigree and the fact that people insist on making the past fit into a modern framework.