I highly suggest everyone read this recent (brilliant) article by Dr. Touré F. Reed on the economic conditions of black Americans.
Despite what right-wingers might insist, Barack Obama's position on racial stratification was pretty darn conservative, moralistic, and in-line with conservative white thought. In this article, Reed opines that it is neither black culture (Obama) nor white racism (Coates) that is the primary driver of racial inequality. It's economic policy history.
In the article, Dr. Reed outlines an extremely comprehensive and thoughtful history of economic policy making and its disparate impact on black Americans still reeling at the margins from slavery, economic exclusion, and legal discrimination of previous decades.
Here are some highlights.
https://catalyst-journal.com/vol1/no4/between-obama-and-coates