The NFL pension plan was funded at 55.9 percent in April 2014. This is a low funding ratio, but there’s a good reason for it. Following the lock-out in 2011 and the negotiation of a new collective bargaining agreement (CBA), the NFL Players’ Association fought for an increase in pension benefits for retired players. This took the plan down to a funded status of 48 percent in 2013, but the NFL has agreed to commit $620 million over ten years to reach full funding by 2021. The latest available data indicates the plan is funded at 89 percent as of 2018.
The NFL is not the only professional sports league with a defined benefit pension plan for its retired players. MLB, the NBA, and the NHL all offer pension plans to players. Baseball’s is the oldest with its plan existing since 1947; it is also consistently well-funded at 80 percent. The NHL’s is the newest, started in 2012, and also extremely well-funded at 144 percent. Finally, the NBA’s pension plan is funded at 53 percent and NBA teams are contributing more to bring the funded status up to 80 percent.
NBA players have one of the most generous pension plans out of all professional sports. They are vested into their pension plans after playing at least three seasons in the league. The average benefit in 2016 for a player who retires at the age of 50 is $38,000 per year—not a bad retirement for a three-year career.1 A 10 year veteran can gross $102,000.
But that's not all. NBA players are also eligible to participate in a league-sponsored 401(k). Do you think your 401(k) plan is good with a 50% matching policy? The NBA matches a player's contributions up to 140%.
The NFL could stand for "Not For Long," with the average career lasting only three years.4 But that's just enough time to qualify for the league's pension plan. The league's plan is based on years of service in the league. A player with a minimum of three years of play reportedly receives an annual pension check of $21,360 at retirement. On average, retired players receive an annual pension check of about $43,000 in 2014.
Players who retired in the 1980s and 1990s reportedly receive anywhere from $3,000 to $5,640 per month for every season played in the NFL. Newly retired players since 1998 receive $5,640 each month for every year of service. Players with 3 years of service receive an additional retirement bonus in the form of an annuity.
Players are eligible to receive their full benefits at the age of 55.5 While the pension plan is much worse than other sports, the NFL does offer a generous 401(k) plan. The league matches every player's contribution by as much as 200%.
Major League Baseball has the best pension program of all professional sports. A big-league player needs a short amount of time—just 43 days of service—to qualify for a pension benefit. Forty-three days of service can guarantee an MLB player almost $9,000 per year pension benefit. One day on an active roster qualifies a player for full comprehensive medical benefits.
Major league baseball players become fully vested in their pensions after one day of service if they retired after April 1, 1980. It is not uncommon for retired baseball players with over 10 years of service to receive over $100,000 annually upon reaching the age of 62. Baseball has the most well-funded pension program with estimates valuing the plan at over 2 billion dollars.
NHL players can start withdrawing their pension benefits at the age of 45, and become fully vested as soon as they play at least 20 games. NHL pensions require that a player be active for at least 800 games to qualify for the maximum pension benefit. Players with less than 800 games of service receive a prorated amount, and players with 800 games or more of service receive the maximum pension under U.S. law, which in 2020 is $285,000 annually.