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ah, the chaingun has arrived.
I want to add that I think there is a radical correlation to education in many Muslim countries. I'll have to dig up my source on this, but being a college student in a Muslim country correlates very strongly with support for religious violence. Professionals make up the second most radical group- the people with graduate degrees. Where in the United States, you'll find that college has a similar kind of effect in a different way- our college kids are more radical activists in our own ways, though I don't know about our professionals, but they almost have to be skewed left of the population. So the progression in those countries mirrors the US in a way, except with ideologies of religious violence substituted for liberalism. I don't think that it's education itself causing violence, obviously, but it's a feature of educated Muslims in many countries.
The counterargument I respect most, which may or may not be true, is that from out of those impoverished countries, the trends in ideology within education emerge. A shithole country is likely to produce shithole graduates, in other words. Without trying to knock down the old strawman, I look more to issues of freedom, of human rights, and religious rights, especially for women. That's where a dialogue among Muslims can make some headway- if they convince each other that their doctrine is peaceful. Hell, it's what the Christians did. The Koran is essentially the same pile of contradictions as the Bible. Enlightenment, not education, is my best guess as to where to start. But Ruprecht already said that Indonesia, among other countries, shows that may be wrong with recent improvements in education.
Just look at the levels of religious violence within and between countries, and see how it correlates with wealth and education. Then look at the calls for theocracy within the democratic nations, as with Malaysia and Indonesia, and see how that aligns with wealth and education.
The ideologues of Islamism and Salafi Jihadism are frequently educated and wealthy (in no small part due to the role of Saudi petrolislam), but as you say that parallels radicals/activists from other ideologies. In the same way that revolutionary communism doesn't amount to much when it's just a bunch of college radicals and disaffected losers (the parallels are closer than you might think, given how much Islamist ideology took from the ideology of Communist revolutionaries. You'd better believe that Maududi and Qutb knew their "To The Rural Poor" and "What Is To Be Done").
As with communism, it relies on the support of the "proletariat" for any political traction or revolutionary strength. The parallel extends to the sorts of socio-economic and political situations in which communist revolutions gained traction as well. It wasn't a bunch of wealthy, educated middle class consumers which overthrew the last Tsar, which overthrew the Shah or which were setting themselves on fire in Tunisia at the start of the "Arab Spring". It wasn't prosperity and education which lead to the current situation in Syria.
It's nonsense to say that the education and economic development of Muslim nations is a threat, as is clear when you look at the history of education and development within the nations. You're calling for a reformation or "enlightenment" within Islam, but ignoring the conditions under which it's likely to arise. Crushing poverty, ignorance and authoritarian dictatorship clearly not meeting the requirements, as seen throughout the world.