Ex-gay therapy has been in a steady state of
decline and
disavowal, but the smaller movement of ex-trans therapy — efforts to discourage a transgender identity — have remained ongoing. Now, one of the most prominent clinics providing such treatment is closing and its leader seems to have entered an “end of career” phase in which he will stop advocating for the harmful treatment.
The Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) in Toronto, Canada’s largest mental health center, is closing the Child, Youth, and Family Gender Identity Clinic (GIC) following a
damning independent review that detailed antiquated practices still in use and an evident anti-transgender bias. Dr. Kenneth Zucker, who has been an advocate for anti-trans reparative therapy and has headed up GIC for over 30 years, has apparently
already left.
The
independent review of the clinic began earlier this year after CAMH fielded concerns from community partners about what was being practiced within GIC. Two psychologists interviewed the staff and clients, reviewed records, and consulted with other groups that have worked with the clinic. Dr. Suzanne Zinck and Dr. Antonio Pignatiello stopped short of confirming that reparative therapy was definitely taking place, but could not rule out that it was. Indeed, the report found a consistent bias against transgender identities and the use of practices that shame and stigmatize people for embracing them.
Behavior vs. Identity
GIC appealed to families who were looking to stymie the development of gender non-conforming characteristics in children. These kids would be subjected to play therapy in which they were forced to play with gender-conforming toys, and parents would be instructed to schedule more play dates with the same sex.
Zucker has been
an adamant proponent of the myth that 80 percent of kids with cross-gender identification will eventually turn out to just be gay, not transgender. The study that produced this conclusion, however, relied on conflating all gender non-conforming behavior with actually asserting a different gender identity. What
research has since shown is that the children who assert that they are the other gender
actually are and are not likely to change. By over-including all gender non-conforming children, those numbers actually communicate nothing about the outcomes of trans kids, but that hasn’t stopped Zucker from using the study to motivate families into thinking such behavior is just a phase and can be corrected.
Zucker and GIC exhibited a bias against any gender-nonconforming behavior. As the report recounts, one child had resolved all gender and body dysphoria issues, but the clinic still advised the parents to have him “spend more time with cisgendered [sic] boys because he had effeminate speech and mannerisms. These were not the goals of the client or family.” This kind of advice for controlling the behavior and friendships of kids was common.