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There is a TON about pre-Christian religion in Europe that we will never know. And even if a time capsule or something was found tomorrow, who wants to return to a bronze or stone age world view completely?
On the other hand, there are is a ton of information about cultural character that we can confidently assess from art, archaeology, mythology, etc.
We can confidently say that most pre-Christian Europeans saw no sharp dividing lines between the natural and supernatural worlds. There were not "people of a book," but people of spoken traditions. Through their heros and myths we can infer their virtues: loyalty, generosity, bravery, wisdom, etc.
Through mythology and archaeology, we can also deduce some philosophical orientations. For example, most pre-Christian Europeans viewed life through the lens of an "adventure quest." We can confidently say that they believed in an intricate and important relationship between the individual person and the forces of Fate, and they thought that the actions taken in this life would affect the quality of the individual's continued "quest" in the next lives.
Through art and mythology we can plainly see that most pre-Christian Europeans viewed the world as having metaphysical "depth" -- they believed in many co-temporal and co-spatial layers or "realms" of being.
Although there are some very dedicated pagan re-constructionists who know a freaky amount about historical pagan societies (think along the lines of how much some people know about steroids), most pagans, myself included, are comfortable with the term "neo-paganism." We see pagan attitudes, beliefs, and mythologies as a well to be drawn from, not a prescription to follow.
Do you see any correlation between Nietzschean beliefs and paganism with yourself and people you know, or do they generally have humanistic attitudes?