Canadian here.
I like our single payer system for the most part, but there are practical tradeoffs to it.
Our acute care is pretty good. Treatments deemed non-essential can take a long time to happen. Wait times for ultrasounds or CT scans can take more than 12 months. Knee and hip surgeries are notoriously slow as well.
I think that a lot of Americans who currently have health coverage might have a Brock Lesnar experience if pushed into the Canadian system:
https://www.thestar.com/sports/2010...ates_canadian_health_care_as_third_world.html . Our hospitals are smaller, rooms tend to be shared, wait times are longer, medical technology is not cutting edge. We are far from an ideal single-payer system; my understanding is that others, including the UK, tend to have better outcomes, although they have their own problems.
On the other hand,everybody gets a pretty good level of treatment, and those who want cutting edge treatment can go pay for it in America or overseas. Anecdotally, I have been in and out of hospital a few times for various issues and have always received generally appropriate care. The crowding in the hospitals is very noticeable, however.
There is no free lunch with health care. Ultimately, health care is a massive service and it costs a lot of resources. The real question is a matter of how to allocate those resources; who supplies them, who receives them, and why.
As a practical matter, I don't think that the American health care system could switch to a Medicaid-for-all model without the level of care changing. I am not deeply read on this issue, so I am open to correction, but everything I have read suggests that hospitals lose money on every medicaid patient:
http://www.modernhealthcare.com/article/20151031/MAGAZINE/310319982. They just don't produce enough money. If they can't make money, the hospital will not stay afloat, so you have to control the cost.
To control this cost, you can do a few things:
1) Reduce the cost (and quality) of healthcare provided;
2) Increase the rates at which the government pays for services (ie, more debt and/or higher taxes); or
3) Cut back on nurses and doctors salaries.
#3 won't happen; nurses and doctors are too powerful and sympathetic as a lobby. Which leaves a combination of 1 + 2, neither of which are something I think people really want.
I think a lot of people are living in a fairy tale if they think that there is a magical solution to health care costs. This is never going to be free, and while Americans might enjoy some increase in efficiencies by simply doing away with a lot of the billing nonsense your current system generates, any transition to single payer would require significant tradeoffs.