What are you suggesting and what'll it accomplish?
The reason the conversation moves toward a total ban is because that's what it'll take to actually end gun violence. As some gun-control proponent how many deaths are acceptable per year so we know when we've got enough laws. I've asked this many times and have never gotten a straight answer (that I recall).
As a preamble I believe you are representing the desired outcome incorrectly. If the goal is 'actually end gun violence' then you will never get there, but this is no excuse for not trying.
Next I will start by saying it's a problem not solved in one generation. I think the gun culture is an issue but so is lack of welfare, unequal education and opportunities and lack of support particularly for mental illness. My perspective is that there is a strong belief in individual freedoms ingrained in US culture which stems all the way back to its founding fathers. The problem in such individual freedoms is that you can sometimes sacrifice the greater good of the community for an individual. Other countries view the individual's rights to owning a dangerous implement to be less than the right of the collective to be safe - we can talk statistics here for a while, I am merely pointing out their way of thought.
This culture of individual freedoms, can I also add, is really awesome and has brought many great successes to your country. I have a huge respect for the US, I've been there and met nothing but awesome people. But there are some prices you pay for this. The idea that personal responsibilities are paramount also leads to situations where welfare is really limited. I was astounded by not necessarily just the amount of homeless people I saw in the US but by just how
severely homeless they were. Here's the next thing - people don't want to be in that situation, and if better welfare was available, accompanied by better education, you'd probably find the crime rate would lower, these people would be working and even creating jobs, and building a better economy for all. It might seem like handouts but if people are getting off skid row you may find a whole lot of other benefits. People who have supportive families, are reasonably well to do, have things to actually live for... these people aren't your typical mass shooter (or in fact part of any kind of criminal activity).
I could go on but I think that the culture is essential to any discussion on gun control. Guns are merely the article used by people who have ill intentions and the reason I think restrictions should apply is that they allow these ill intentions to be acted out with extreme and wide reaching consequences. If guns were less available it is quite self explanatory that a rampant knife attack would likely have much lower casualties than a mass shooting. However, for all of the reasons above AND for the fact that good policy must have people on board for it... I don't think gun bannings are the way to go in the US. People will be even more divided than ever before, people will simply not accept it, and this is not a good foundation to build upon.
As to the meat of your question:
What am I suggesting and what'll it accomplish?
I'm no expert on existing laws and I understand they vary from state to state. However, the changes I would suggest are:
1. No guns if you have a violent criminal history
2. No guns if you are on a terrorist / no fly watch list
3. No guns if you have a history of mental illness (the specifics to be decided by experts but reasonable thought prevails. If you are now 30 and you had depression when you were 17 then yes, you can have guns. However, if 1 year ago you were institutionalized with schizophrenia then more details are necessary)
To accomplish this there needs to be suitable background checks and some universal registers of the above. Whether these exist or not, I don't know, but they should. I would like to think most fair minded people would think that someone who fits the above is probably unfit to carry a gun.
What will this accomplish?
Any reduction in the ease of acquiring certain weaponry will reduce its likelihood of being used. There is nothing black and white; people can and still will get hold of guns, gun violence will continue, it simply becomes harder.
How many deaths are acceptable per year so we know we've got enough laws.
Build into this is a premise that you believe more laws will be implemented which, while possible, I don't think is any good reason not to institute good and fair laws now. I really feel a comment of this type somewhat narrows the conversation because it starts with a supposition about what will happen and doesn't argue the value of what is being proposed.
To speak more broadly on it, how about as a goal the US looks to halve its gun violence (it would still be 3x greater than other developed countries on average) while at the same time
maintaining the same rights for fair minded, law abiding citizens of its country. The above suggestions I made would not impede on such people. If you have no history of violence, are not a terrorist and no mental illness, you can own whatever the fuck you want.
Finally I'd like to add what general principles I apply to whether or not some kind of control (ie licencing, age restrictions, banning, etc.) should apply to any particular item/object.
1. What is the utility it adds to the community?
2. What is the potential danger it adds to the community (in both scope and likelihood)?
3. What can be done to minimise danger but maximise utility?
First example, guns, from an Australian perspective.
1. What is the utility it adds to the community? Nothing for urban areas. Useful for rural areas.
2. What is the potential danger it adds to the community? It has a tremendous capacity to kill.
3. What can be done? Control who uses it through banning of certain models, licencing for others, and strict controls about how they are kept.
Next example, explosives, from an Australian perspective.
1. What is the utility it adds to the community? Nothing for urban areas. Some highly specialised use for the mining sector?
2. What is the potential danger it adds to the community? It has a tremendous capacity to kill.
3. What can be done? Control who uses it. Ban it from the hands of just about everyone who can't demonstrate a need for it.
Another example, cars & trucks, from an Australian perspective.
1. What is the utility it adds to the community? Vital to transport and the success of a country.
2. What is the potential danger it adds to the community? Can cause death by accident or purpose
3. What can be done? Control who uses it. Licence their use and restrict their use to people of certain ages.
I put these because some people just suggest that everyone will begin running down people if guns are banned. I know you haven't done so, and it is a ridiculous argument in my eyes, however I wanted to point out the principles I use when evaluating whether something needs some controls. What does it give to a community and what price is paid? Guns are already controlled to some extent. You have to be a certain age to buy guns because people already recognise that they are dangerous and it should take a certain mind/maturity to have them. I simply suggest that this very same principle of control be expanded slightly to include the mentally ill, the violent, and the terrorists. Everyone else, keep em.